Bee Types Diversity
Regarding 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 192 bee diversity (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) had been involved during the Calanques Federal Park via one another online and you are going to pan pitfall show. They belonged to six group and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae are among the most groups-rich family members, followed by Apidae and you may Halictidae, that have 53, 44, and you can 43 groups, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is simply this new richest genus, with 33 range, whenever you are eight genera was basically illustrated in the just one kinds (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Desk 1 [on the web just] ). Making use of the jackknife 1 and you may 2 spiders, the latest bee species fullness is simply projected become anywhere between ± nine.89 and you can ± . Brand new viewed richness therefore depicted 71.step 3 to 79.6% of one’s projected bee richness ( Desk dos). The newest Chao1 means projected this new viewed richness to acquire 76.8% of one’s potential restriction richness ( Desk dos). The most plentiful varieties is basically Apis mellifera L. (276 anyone), which have Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you may 168 some one, respectively), and you may Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 anyone). Sooner or later, 50 groups (26%) was in fact depicted of the just one individual (singletons).
Ecosystem Services off Bees
Regarding the environmental services out-of nesting requires, i understood 59 unmarried bee variety nesting more than floors, 92 single bee diversity nesting below ground and 23 cleptoparasitic diversity, comparable to 31.eight, 47.9, and you may several.0% of your done bee assortment richness, respectively. I thought of five private species (bumble bees and you may honey bees-2.1%). At some point, the new nesting preferences from 14 diversity continue to be not familiar (seven.3%- Supp Dining table step one [online only] ). Regarding your flowery diet plan regarding bee groups, i discovered that 105 items (54.7%) foraged towards of numerous plant varieties (we.years., generalist diversity, polylectic) and you can 51 species (twenty-six.5%) foraged on a single plant loved ones if not that/couples plant variety (we.years., top-notch types, oligolectic). To your left 36 bee range (18.8%), the floral diet wasn’t identified (age.g., having cleptoparasitic variety). maybe not, really generalist variety exhibited 
a desires for one otherwise a number out of bush families ( Supp Desk step one [online merely] ). For the 44 singletons, fourteen bee groups (28%) was experts, and nine bee types (18%) had been cleptoparasitic ( Supp Table step one [on line simply] ).
An enthusiastic IUCN standing are readily available to own 178 diversity (excluding the latest kinds structures and as yet not known models). More, 47 types are classified while the investigation without (DD-twenty-six.4%), 124 varieties had been a minimum alarmed (LC-69.6%), half dozen variety is near threatened (NT-step 3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you may L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and another kinds is believed endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Dining table step 1 [on line merely] ). About three oligolectic kinds was one of the eight threatened bee brands. Good. ovatula and you may C. albomaculatus was pro on Fabaceae, D. argentata is basically an expert for the Caprifoliaceae.
Away from 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 38 style of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) have been trapped into the Calanques Federal Playground. It belonged so you can twenty four genera ( Supp Desk dos [on line merely] ). The absolute most numerous genera was Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 some body), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 some one), and Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de– Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville during the Latreille, 1828 (13 anybody), whereas 20 types (53%) had been depicted regarding the only 1 personal ( Supp Desk dos [online merely] ). The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) had been depicted of your own 20 varieties, as well as four singletons (25%) ( Supp Desk step 3 [on line simply] ). The newest price of complete diversity richness out-of hover flies and bee flies is anywhere between 83 and you can 97 kinds using the jackknife step one and you can 2 spiders, respectively. Thus, the viewed fullness depicted 59.8–69.9% of one’s estimated hover fly and you will bee travel richness ( Dining table dos).
